《鹭鸶》原文翻译及赏析_作者杜牧雪衣雪发青玉嘴群捕鱼儿溪影中惊飞远映碧山去一树梨花落晚风《谏逐客书》原文翻译及赏析_作者李斯臣闻吏议逐客窃以为过矣昔穆公求士西取由余于戎东得百里奚于宛迎蹇叔于宋来邳豹公孙支于晋此五子者不产于秦而穆公用之并国二十遂霸西戎孝公用商鞅之法移风易俗民以殷盛国以富强百姓乐用诸侯亲服获楚魏之师举地千里至今治强惠王用张仪之计拔三川之地西并巴蜀北收上郡南取汉中包九夷制鄢郢东据成皋之险割膏腴之壤遂散六国之纵使之西面事秦功施到今昭王得范雎废穰侯逐华阳强公室杜私门蚕食诸侯使秦成帝业此四君者皆以客之功由此观之客何负于秦哉向使四君却客而不内疏士而不用是使国无富利之实而秦无强大之名也今陛下致昆山之玉有随和之宝垂明月之珠服太阿之剑乘纤离之马建翠凤之旗树灵鼍之鼓此数宝者秦不生一焉而陛下说之何也必秦国之所生然后可则是夜光之璧不饰朝廷犀象之器不为玩好郑卫之女不充后宫而骏良不实外厩江南金锡不为用西蜀丹青不为采所以饰后宫充下陈娱心意说耳目者必出于秦然后可则是宛珠之簪傅玑之珥阿缟之衣锦绣之饰不进于前而随俗雅化佳冶窈窕赵女不立于侧也夫击瓮叩缶弹筝搏髀而歌呼呜呜快耳者真秦之声也郑卫桑间韶虞武象者异国之乐也今弃击瓮叩缶而就郑卫退弹筝而取昭虞若是者何也快意当前适观而已矣今取人则不然不问可否不论曲直非秦者去为客者逐然则是所重者在乎色乐珠玉而所轻者在乎人民也此非所以跨海内制诸侯之术也臣闻地广者粟多国大者人众兵强则士勇是以泰山不让土壤故能成其大河海不择细流故能就其深王者不却众庶故能明其德是以地无四方民无异国四时充美鬼神降福此五帝三王之所以无敌也今乃弃黔首以资敌国却宾客以业诸侯使天下之士退而不敢西向裹足不入秦此所谓借寇兵而赍盗粮者也夫物不产于秦可宝者多士不产于秦而愿忠者众今逐客以资敌国损民以益雠内自虚而外树怨于诸侯求国无危不可得也泰山一作太山
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