pqcbU三亚旅游鹿回头风景区21:30:38

李大龙2

三亚旅游鹿回头风景区《酷吏列传序》文言文及翻译孔子曰导之以政齐之以刑民免而无耻导之以德齐之以礼有耻且格老氏称上德不德是以有德下德不失德是以无德法令滋章盗贼多有太史公曰信哉是言也法令者治之具而非制治清浊之源也昔天下之网尝密矣然奸伪萌起其极也上下相遁至于不振当是之时吏治若救火扬沸非武健严酷恶能胜其任而愉快乎言道德者溺其职矣故曰听讼吾犹人也必也使无讼乎下士闻道大笑之非虚言也汉兴破觚而为圜斫雕而为朴网漏于吞舟之鱼而吏治不至于奸黎民艾安由是观之在彼不在此司马迁亲身受过酷吏的残害本文是酷吏列传的序表明了司马迁反对严刑峻法实行德政的主张这篇序言可分为三层第一层用孔子老子的话阐明了道义的重要作用第二层从太史公曰到非虚言也作者充分肯定了孔子老子的观点并进一步发展了自己反对严刑峻法的主张第三层从汉兴到结尾用汉初刑法宽简风气淳厚百姓平安的事实从正面证明德治的重要性这篇序文的结构很严谨尤其是前后呼应善于运用对比手法文章一开头先引用孔子和老子的话提出论点然后用暴秦的事实来论证这一论点接着再一次引用孔子和老子的话来阐明自己的观点最后以汉初的事例正面论证自已的观点得出在彼不在此的结论汉初的事例与秦亡的史实形成鲜明对比暗中又与武帝时的弊政形成对比还与篇首孔子老子的观点相呼应全文论点与论据紧密配合层层深入太史公是不赞成用严刑峻法和酷吏来治国的于是他在开篇就引用了孔子的话太史公认为法令刑法只不过是治理国家的一个工具并不是把国家治理得好的根源《蝶恋花·笑艳秋莲生绿浦》原文翻译及赏析_作者晏几道笑艳秋莲生绿浦红脸青腰旧识凌波女照影弄妆娇欲语西风岂是繁花主可恨良辰天不与才过斜阳又是黄昏雨朝落暮开空自许竟无人解知心苦这是一首描写秋莲的词可能寓含着某种寄托比如说怀念那位名叫莲的歌女什么的也可能没什么寓意只是描写秋天的莲花我们不能穿凿附会根据文本所提供的内容进行分析是最妥当的上片的描写是把莲花比作了少女以笑脸以花朵以腰肢比茎干以照影弄妆比喻莲花的迎风临水这样描写既有形更有神把莲花写活了总的说是以花比人以人喻花但怎么比喻落实到具体的词章上则有一番切入展开承接转换的手段更能体现作者的艺术匠心头一句是从红花和绿叶切入笑艳秋莲生绿浦笑写花之神情艳写花之色泽绿浦则将荷叶铺满了池塘接着展开描写红脸青腰好像是把一株莲花叠印在了一位少女的身上红花是她的脸青梗是她的腰美艳婀娜的形象立即展现出来花与人的结合很自然地引向了凌波仙子荷花仙子之类的联想故而说旧识凌波女把这种联想的范围沿着旧识所指示的时间轨道更进一步地拓展开来写到弄妆娇欲语已是神情毕见呼之欲出了而作者的笔锋陡然一转落到了西风岂是繁花主一句上西风二字与首句的秋莲相呼应亦属点题而繁华无主则是感叹秋莲之终将凋谢

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